7.Ultrasonic DC motor Driver

 Ultrasonic DC motor Driver

Materials Needed:

• Arduino board
• Ultrasonic sensor (e.g., HC-SR04)
• DC motor (or servo motor)
• Motor driver (e.g., L298N for a DC motor)
• External power supply (depending on the motor requirements)
• Jumper wires
• Breadboard (optional)

Connections for DC Motor:

1. Ultrasonic Sensor to Arduino:

   • TRIG pin → Pin 9
   • ECHO pin → Pin 10
   • VCC pin → 5V
   • GND pin → GND

2. Motor Driver to Arduino (using L298N as an example):

   • Connect IN1 on the motor driver to Pin 6 on the Arduino.
   • Connect IN2 on the motor driver to Pin 7 on the Arduino.
   • Connect the motor terminals to OUT1 and OUT2 of the motor driver.
   • Connect 12V external power supply to the motor driver.
   • Connect GND from the motor driver to Arduino GND.
   • Enable pin (ENB) on the motor driver to 5V.

Procedure:

1. Connect the Ultrasonic Sensor and Motor:

   • Use jumper wires to connect the ultrasonic sensor, motor driver, and motor as described above.

2. Write the Arduino Code (DC Motor Example):

• Copy and paste the following code into the Arduino IDE:

C++ Code

const int trigPin = 9;

const int echoPin = 10;

const int motorPin1 = 6;

const int motorPin2 = 7;

int thresholdDistance = 20;  // Set the distance threshold in centimeters

void setup() {

  Serial.begin(9600);  // Start the serial communication at 9600 baud rate

  pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);

  pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);

  pinMode(motorPin1, OUTPUT);

  pinMode(motorPin2, OUTPUT);

}

void loop() {

  long duration;

  int distance;

  // Send a 10us pulse to trigger the sensor

  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);

  delayMicroseconds(2);

  digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);

  delayMicroseconds(10);

  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);

  // Measure the duration of the pulse on the echo pin

  duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);

  // Calculate the distance in centimeters

  distance = duration * 0.034 / 2;

  // Print the distance to the serial monitor

  Serial.print("Distance: ");

  Serial.print(distance);

  Serial.println(" cm");

  // Turn on the motor if the object is closer than the threshold distance

  if (distance <= thresholdDistance) {

    digitalWrite(motorPin1, HIGH);

    digitalWrite(motorPin2, LOW);  // Motor moves in one direction

  } else {

    digitalWrite(motorPin1, LOW);

    digitalWrite(motorPin2, LOW);  // Turn off the motor

  }

  delay(500);  // Wait for a short while before the next measurement

}